Buy Aztreonam (Azactam) online

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Known as original brand(s)

Azactam

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Aztreonam is the first synthetic antibacterial agent belonging to the unique subgroup of monobactams, originally marketed under the brand name Azactam. Unlike most other beta-lactam antibiotics (such as penicillins and cephalosporins), aztreonam features a monocyclic beta-lactam ring, which confers a narrow and specific antibacterial spectrum and minimizes cross-allergenicity with penicillins.

The mechanism of action of aztreonam involves highly selective binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBP-3) of gram-negative bacteria, inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis and causing cell lysis. The drug exhibits potent bactericidal activity exclusively against aerobic gram-negative microorganisms (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and remains highly stable against most beta-lactamases.

Clinical utilization of aztreonam provides an effective therapeutic option for severe nosocomial gram-negative infections, particularly in patients with documented severe hypersensitivity to penicillins or cephalosporins.

Wikipedia page
Aztreonam (Azactam)

Indications

Aztreonam is indicated in clinical practice for the treatment of severe infections caused by susceptible aerobic gram-negative pathogens:

  • Urinary Tract Infections: Complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections.
  • Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Pneumonia, bronchitis, and lung empyema caused by gram-negative bacteria.
  • Intra-abdominal and Gynecological Infections: Peritonitis, intra-abdominal abscesses, and pelvic inflammatory disease.
  • Skin, Soft Tissue, and Bone Infections: Wound infections, sepsis, and empirical coverage in penicillin-allergic patients.

Dosage and administration

Aztreonam is administered parenterally via intravenous or intramuscular routes. Dosage must be adjusted based on infection severity:

  • Recommended Adult Dosage: 1 g to 2 g administered every 8 to 12 hours for systemic infections. For life-threatening infections, doses up to 2 g every 6 or 8 hours may be utilized.
  • Maximum Daily Dose: Up to 8 g per day.
  • Administration Method: Intravenous administration should be performed as a slow injection over 3–5 minutes or as an infusion over 20–60 minutes. Intramuscular injections should be given deeply into large muscle masses.
  • Renal Impairment: Dosage adjustment is required in patients with compromised renal function (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min).

Aztreonam is contraindicated in the following cases:

  • Hypersensitivity: Documented hypersensitivity to aztreonam or any excipients of the formulation.
  • Cross-reactivity: Unlike other beta-lactams, aztreonam lacks cross-allergenicity with penicillins, though caution should be exercised in patients with a history of ceftazidime allergy due to structural similarities.
  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding only if clearly necessary and potential benefits outweigh risks.
  • Pediatric Population: Safety and efficacy in very young neonates require careful medical supervision.

Aztreonam is generally well tolerated, but the following adverse reactions may occur:

  • Local Reactions: Phlebitis or thrombophlebitis following IV administration; injection site discomfort or pain following IM administration.
  • Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and rare reports of pseudomembranous colitis.
  • Allergic Reactions: Rash, urticaria, pruritus, and angioedema (anaphylaxis is extremely rare).
  • Hematologic: Transient eosinophilia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, or anemia.
  • Hepatic and Renal: Transient elevations in liver transaminases (ALT, AST) and alkaline phosphatase; rare serum creatinine increases.

Frequently Asked Questions

Aztreonam is a synthetic antibiotic belonging to the monobactam class. Unlike most other beta-lactam antibiotics, which feature multi-ring core structures, aztreonam possesses a monocyclic beta-lactam ring. This distinct molecular geometry gives it a highly selective spectrum of activity: it is exceptionally potent against aerobic gram-negative bacilli (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter species), while demonstrating complete inactivity against gram-positive bacteria and anaerobes.
Due to its monocyclic chemical structure, aztreonam lacks the cross-allergenicity typically observed among other beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins and most cephalosporins (with the exception of ceftazidime, which shares a similar side-chain structure). Consequently, aztreonam serves as a safe and valuable alternative for treating severe gram-negative infections in patients who have documented severe IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins.
Aztreonam is indicated for the management of severe infections caused by susceptible gram-negative pathogens. These clinical indications include nosocomial pneumonia, complicated urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal sepsis, gynecological infections, and chronic pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. The drug is administered parenterally (via intravenous or intramuscular injection), and specialized inhaled formulations are also utilized for targeted respiratory management in cystic fibrosis.
The dosage of aztreonam is determined by the severity of the infection, the site of the pathogen, and the patient's renal function. It is administered parenterally via intravenous infusion (or slow bolus over 3 to 5 minutes) or deep intramuscular injection. Because aztreonam is eliminated primarily through renal excretion, patients with impaired kidney function require precise dose adjustments—either extended dosing intervals or reduced total doses—to prevent drug accumulation and potential toxicity.
Aztreonam is generally well-tolerated, though adverse reactions can occasionally occur. Common localized reactions include pain, phlebitis, or swelling at the intravenous infusion site or intramuscular injection area. Systemic side effects may involve transient gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea, mild asymptomatic elevations in liver transaminases, skin rashes, or pruritus. As with other potent antimicrobial agents, prolonged therapy carries a risk of secondary superinfections, including candidiasis or Clostridium difficile-associated pseudomembranous colitis.

Medicines containing Aztreonam

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Cromobact
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Aztreonam
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